February 2026 · Computer Science · Compilers
Building the Bminor compiler was the most technically demanding project I've worked on. The course walked us from scratch — writing a lexer with Flex, a parser with Bison, a type-checker, and finally an x86 assembly code generator in C. Each stage exposed a different layer of how programming languages actually work.
The Hardest Part Wasn't the Code
I expected the assembly generation to be the toughest stage. In reality, the hardest part was keeping track of the invariants at every layer of the compiler. A small assumption made in the parser would quietly break things three stages later. Good abstractions and disciplined testing mattered more than raw cleverness.
What I'd Do Differently
Start with a thorough test suite from day one. Writing tests after the fact — especially for a compiler where bugs can hide in edge cases — is far more painful than building them incrementally alongside the implementation.
Overall, it's the kind of project I'd recommend to anyone who wants to truly understand how software works under the hood.